Steps to draw Ray Diagrams of Convex Lens

 To draw a ray diagram, you will need the following:

1. The object: The object is the source of light rays and is located on the left or right side of the lens.

2. The lens: The convex lens is located between the object and the screen.

3. The principal axis: This is a horizontal line passing through the optical centre by combining Centre of Curvatures of the lens.

The steps to draw the ray diagram for a convex lens:

1. Draw the principal axis: Draw a horizontal line and label it as the principal axis. This line represents the path of light passing through the lens.

2. Place the lens: Draw a vertical line intersecting the principal axis to represent the convex lens. Label its centre as the optical centre(P).

3. Determine the object position: Choose an object and locate it on the left or right side of the lens. Mark the object's height and position it above the principal axis. For example, let's consider an object placed beyond the centre of curvature(C).

4. Draw incident rays: To draw the ray diagram, we consider two important rays, first the ray parallel to the principal axis and second, the ray passing through the optical centre of the lens. 

5. Ray passing through the optical centre of the lens: Draw a ray from the top of the object, passing through the centre of the lens. This ray will continue in the same direction without deviating.

6. Ray parallel to the principal axis: Draw a ray from the top of the object parallel to the principal axis. After it passes through the lens, get refracted. This refracted ray will pass through the focal point on the opposite side of the lens. Extend this ray up to intersect the other ray passing through optical centre.

7. Locate the image: The image is formed by the convergence of these two rays. The point where the rays intersect after passing through the lens will be the location of the image. Draw the extended rays behind the lens until they intersect on the right side of the lens.

8. Identify the image characteristics: Based on the intersection point of the rays, you can determine the nature and characteristics of the image formed. For a convex lens, if the image is formed on the opposite side of the object, it is a real image. If the image is formed on the same side as the object, it is a virtual image. Most of the images formed by the convex lens are real and inverted. 

Note: Convex lens often called as converging lens.